In 2023, EU households used 9.6 million terajoules of energy. Compared with 2022, there was a 5.6% decrease from the 10.1 million terajoules recorded. This was the second decrease in a row, following the all-time peak registered in 2021: 11.0 million terajoules.
Households, or the residential sector, represented 26.2% of final energy consumption in the EU in 2023. Most of the EU’s final energy consumption in households was covered by natural gas (29.5%), electricity (25.9%) and renewables and biofuels (23.5%).
Source dataset: nrg_d_hhq
The main use of energy by EU households was for heating homes (62.5% of the final energy consumption in the residential sector), followed by water heating (15.1%). The heating of space and water consequently represented 77.6% of the final energy consumed by households in 2023.
Lighting and electrical appliances represented 14.5% (this excludes the use of electricity for powering the main heating, cooling, or cooking systems) and cooking 6.5%.
Other end use (0.8%) and space cooling (0.6%) had the lowest shares.
Source: Eurostat, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/product?code=ddn-20250625-2
