In 2023, renewable energy sources accounted for 45.3% of gross electricity consumption in the EU, a significant 4.1 percentage points (pp) increase from 2022. This marks the largest annual increase in the share of renewable energy in gross electricity consumption since the time series began in 2004. In addition, the annual increases in 2022 (3.5 pp) and 2020 (3.3 pp) were the second and third largest annual increases, respectively.
Wind (38.5% of the total) and hydro power (28.2%) accounted for more than two-thirds of the total electricity generated from renewable sources. Solar power followed, contributing 20.5%, while solid biofuels and other renewable sources accounted for 6.2% and 6.6%, respectively. The growth in renewable electricity over the past decade was largely achieved by the expansion of wind and solar power. Solar power is the fastest-growing source, rising from just 7.4 terawatt hours (TWh) in 2008 (representing only 1% of the total) to 252.1 TWh in 2023.
Source dataset: nrg_ind_ured
Data show that more than 75% of electricity consumed in 2023 was generated from renewable sources in Austria (87.8%, mostly hydro), Sweden (87.5%, mostly hydro and wind) and Denmark (79.4%, mostly wind). Shares above 50% were also registered in Portugal (63.0%), Croatia (58.8%), Spain (56.9%), Latvia (54.3%) and Finland (52.4%).
At the other end of the scale, the share of electricity from renewable sources was less than 20% in Malta (10.7%), Czechia (16.4%), Luxembourg (18.0%) and Hungary (19.5%).
Source dataset: nrg_ind_ren
Source: Eurostat, https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/product?code=ddn-20250221-3
